COMPUTER HARDWARE
     What do we understand by the computer hardware? Actually we would all be thinking in our mind that computer hardware is any part of the computer that we can see and touch, well right there was the definition i was also given when i was in  primary school but have we ever thought about how they all look like all was the computer itself is just made of the few part listed for us. Right here i would be explaining to you want a computer hardware mean as i would also be giving you the part that make up you pc. Actually i would be going into the generations of pc but i would be providing you a link since am a bit lazy to type now. Welcome Once again, am so glad you're here today.

What is a Computer Hardware?

      Computer hardware includes the physical parts or components of a computer, such as the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphic card, sound card and motherboard.^[1] By contrast, software is instructions that can be stored and run by hardware.

Hardware is directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system.

                                                PARTS OF A COMPUTER

MOTHERBOARD

A motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.  

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

 Brain of the computer which is C.P.U (Central Processing Unit). The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer is a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of a computer system.

MONITOR 

A computer monitor is an output device which displays information in pictorial form. A monitor usually comprises the display device, circuitry, casing, and power supply. 

COMPUTER PERIPHERAL

A peripheral device connects to a computer system to add functionality. Examples are a mouse, keyboard, monitor, printer and scanner. Learn about the different types of peripheral devices and how they allow you to do more with your computer. And so on

Since we would be dealing with both  software and hardware so it would be good to know about them both. Welcome am so glad to find you here studying and trying to want to know, it mean a lot to me.

What is a Software?

Computer software, or simply software, is a generic term that refers to a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built, that actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentationor digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.

At the lowest level, executable code consists of machine language instructions specific to an individual processor—typically a central processing unit (CPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also (indirectly) cause something to appear on a display of the computer system—a state change which should be visible to the user. The processor carries out the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to "jump" to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system.(By now multi-core processors are dominant, where each core can run instructions in order; then, however, each application software runs only on one core by default, but some software has been made to run on many).

The majority of software is written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for programmers to use because they are closer than machine languages to natural languages.^[1] High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.

History of Software

An outline (algorithm) for what would have been the first piece of software was written by Ada Lovelace in the 19th century, for the planned Analytical Engine. However, neither the Analytical Engine nor any software for it were ever created.

The first theory about software—prior to creation of computers as we know them today—was proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem (decision problem).

This eventually led to the creation of the academic fields of computer science and software engineering. Both fields study software and its creation. Computer science is the theoretical study of computer and software (Turing's essay is an example of computer science), where as software engineering is the application of engineering and development of software.

However, prior to 1946, software was not yet the programs stored in the memory of stored-program digital computers, as we now understand it. The first electronic computing devices were instead rewired in order to "reprogram" them.

Types Of Software

We actually do have three main types of  software. As i would be listing them with definitions and examples, as i would be arranging them in order 

1.   System software 
which is software that directly operates the computer hardware, to provide basic functionality needed by users and other software, and to provide a platform for running application software.^[2] System software includes:

• Operating systems
  which are essential collections of software that manage resources and provides common services for other software that runs "on top" of them. Supervisory programs, boot loaders, shells and window systems are core parts of operating systems. In practice, an operating system comes bundled with additional software (including application software) so that a user can potentially do some work with a computer that only has one operating system.
• Device drivers 
  which operate or control a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. Each device needs at least one corresponding device driver; because a computer typically has at minimum at least one input device and at least one output device, a computer typically needs more than one device driver.
• Utilities
  which are computer programs designed to assist users in the maintenance and care of their computers.

2.       Application software 

which is software that uses the computer system to perform special functions or provide entertainment functionsbeyond the basic operation of the computer itself. There are many different types of application software, because the range of tasks that can be performed with a modern computer is so large.

3.     Malicious software  A.K.A malware 

• which is software that is developed to harm and disrupt computers. As such, malware is undesirable. Malware is closely associated with computer-related crimes, though some malicious programs may have been designed as practical jokes.